On three-dimensional SPH modelling of large-scale landslides

Lagrangian particle-based smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is increasingly widely used in landslide modelling. This paper investigates four important issues not addressed by previous studies on SPH modelling of large-scale landslides, i.e., convergence property, influence constitutive parameters, scale effect and friction reduction, different treatments the viscous effect. The GPU-acceleration technique employed to achieve high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) Baige investigated comparing numerical results with field data, detailed analyses are provided. Suggestions resolution, parameter, formulations discretization also presented for future landslides.